| Drug Name |
Phenytoin |
| Drug ID |
BADD_D01765 |
| Description |
Phenytoin is classified as a hydantoin derivative and despite its narrow therapeutic index, it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants.[A33595,A188832,A189219] Since it's introduction about 80 years ago, phenytoin has not only been established as an effective anti-epileptic, but has also been investigated for several other indications such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing.[A188826,A188832]
Clinicians are advised to initiate therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who require phenytoin since even small deviations from the recommended therapeutic range can lead to suboptimal treatment, or adverse effects.[A189219,A35884] Both parenteral and oral formulations of phenytoin are available on the market.[A189219] |
| Indications and Usage |
Phenytoin is indicated to treat grand mal seizures, complex partial seizures, and to prevent and treat seizures during or following neurosurgery.[L9362] Injectable phenytoin and [Fosphenytoin], which is the phosphate ester prodrug formulation of phenytoin[A188571], are indicated to treat tonic-clonic status epilepticus, and for the prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery.[L10740] |
| Marketing Status |
approved; vet_approved |
| ATC Code |
N03AB02 |
| DrugBank ID |
DB00252
|
| KEGG ID |
D00512
|
| MeSH ID |
D010672
|
| PubChem ID |
1775
|
| TTD Drug ID |
D0E4DW
|
| NDC Product Code |
51552-0553; 66064-1030; 60687-275; 0615-8424; 51927-0300; 51927-1216; 52119-007; 51672-4069; 60687-156; 66689-036; 70518-1967; 12711-4444; 70518-0841; 66993-372; 0615-8260; 62991-1691; 17856-4070; 0121-0892; 51672-4146; 66689-775; 0009-0488; 59762-0531; 0904-7199; 49452-5340; 0071-2214; 17349-0007; 0071-0007; 0904-7079; 59762-5210 |
| UNII |
6158TKW0C5
|
| Synonyms |
Phenytoin | Fenitoin | Diphenylhydantoin | 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione | 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin | Difenin | Dihydan | Phenhydan | Epamin | Epanutin | Hydantol | Phenytoin Sodium | Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate | Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium | Antisacer | Dilantin |
